ISC-PIF Guest Researcher //
David Chavalarias
Permanent CNRS researcher at the CREA and Paris IdF Complex System Institute and at the CREA (Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS). David Chavalarias has a background in Mathematics and Computer sciences (Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan & Agregation de Mathématiques) and a PhD in Cognitive Sciences (Ecole Polytechnique) with a specialization in social systems modeling. His researches concern scientometry, text mining and social dynamics reconstruction and cultural evolution modelling.
David Chavalarias is also Vice-President of the Complex Systems Society
e-mail: david.chavalarias (at ) polytechnique (dot) edu
ISC-PIF working group: MOMA
Research
Web mining and Quantitative Epistemology
Today we are facing a real challenge when coping with the increasingly changing nature of science. First the millions of papers published every year makes clearly impossible for anybody to have an exhaustive knowledge of all the important breakthroughs and developments in every fields of science. This issue is made even more critical by the continuous acceleration of scientific production, which threatens every scholars of information overload (the volume of publications per year has been multiplied by 2 in the last 12 years). Second, science has always been an ever-changing enterprise. However the pace of change has lately increased considerably. Disciplinary boundaries, which until recently had remained relatively stable and sharp for a long time, have become blurred. Conceptual structures and hierarchies appear, expand and eventually die. One needs to map the fluctuating landscapes of science.
The goals of these researches is the reconstruction and visualization of science dynamics. We expect to improve our global understanding of science evolution and develop new tools for our daily interactions with its productions.
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Complex systems landscape. Words Evolution Software
The software Words Evolution (WE) implements the algorithms and tools developped by this research project.Key words: knowledge discovery, data mining, cartography, visualization, electronic corpuses, social media, community detection, semantic web.
Map of complex systems sciences
Cognitive economics and modelling of cultural dynamics
These researches aim at modeling social cognition as information processing distributed on a population of agents. One of the main objectives is to provide a formal framework, metamimetic games, for the modeling of endogenous preferences.
Metamimetic games build on the fact that metacognition and human reflexive capacities are the ground for a new class of mimetic rules, that enables to endogenize the distribution of imitation rules while being human specific. The corresponding concepts of equilibrium — counterfactually stable state — and attractor have been proposed.
This lead to an interpretation of social differenciation in terms of cultural co-evolution among a set of possible motivations, which departs from the traditional view of optimization indexed to immutable criteria that exist prior to the activity of agents.
Key words : Social cognition, multi-agents, complex systems, social networks, endogenous preferences, imitation, reflexivity, metacognition, stochastic game theory, cultural co-evolution, social differenciation.
Metamimetic games build on the fact that metacognition and human reflexive capacities are the ground for a new class of mimetic rules, that enables to endogenize the distribution of imitation rules while being human specific. The corresponding concepts of equilibrium — counterfactually stable state — and attractor have been proposed.
This lead to an interpretation of social differenciation in terms of cultural co-evolution among a set of possible motivations, which departs from the traditional view of optimization indexed to immutable criteria that exist prior to the activity of agents.
Key words : Social cognition, multi-agents, complex systems, social networks, endogenous preferences, imitation, reflexivity, metacognition, stochastic game theory, cultural co-evolution, social differenciation.
Emergence of cooperation with network formation. Comparison between analyticall and multi-agent model 7.
Collective discovery and scientific discovery
These researches aim at the study and modeling of scientific communities and the process of collective elaboration of scientific theories. These communities are taken as a paradigmatic example of collective and distributed knowledge production and management (as in blogs, wikis, linux, etc.). This work is done within the framework of K. Popper's epistemology.
These researches build on the game Nobel (Chavalarias 1998) and are developed along three axis: mathematics modeling, multi-agent modeling, and experimental economics.
Key words: game theory, multi-agents, evolutionary epistemology, Popper, collective discovery,
distributed cognition, knowledge management
Play online to the Nobel Game
These researches build on the game Nobel (Chavalarias 1998) and are developed along three axis: mathematics modeling, multi-agent modeling, and experimental economics.
Key words: game theory, multi-agents, evolutionary epistemology, Popper, collective discovery,
distributed cognition, knowledge management
Play online to the Nobel Game
Online multi-agents simulation of the Nobel Game (snapshot)
Selected publications
1 Chavalarias, D. (2009) Désir mimétique et imitation rationnelle. Vers un individualisme méthodologique complexe, In Jean-Pierre Dupuy Dans l'Oeil du Cyclone, Marc Anspach Ed., Editions Carnets Nord.
2 Cointet J-P., Chavalarias D. (2008) Multi-level Science mapping with asymmetric co-occurrence analysis: Methodology and case study, Networks and Heterogeneous Media, Vol 3 Number 2, june 2008, p267-276
4 Chavalarias D. & Cointet J-P. (2008) Bottom-up scientific field detection for dynamical and hierarchical science mapping - methodology and case study Scientometrics Vol. 75 No. 1 , (DOI): 10.1007/s11192-007-1825-6. e-print
5 Bourgine P., Chavalarias D. and Cohen-Boulakia C. (Eds.) (2008) Déterminismes et Complexités : Du Physique à l'Ethique - autour d'Henri Atlan, Ed. La Découverte.
6 Chavalarias D. (2007) La part mimétique des dynamiques de cognition sociale : clé pour penser l’auto-transformation du social Nouvelles Perspectives en Sciences Sociales, Volume 2, numéro 2 Version Pre-print.
7 Chavalarias, D., Cooperation as an outcome of a social differentiation process in a metamimetic game (2007) In : Social Simulation: Technologies, Advances and New Discoveries, Bruce Edmonds, Cesáreo Hernández Iglesias, et Klaus G. Troitzsch (ed), p26-42.
8 Chavalarias D. (2006) Metamimetic games: Modeling Metadynamics in Social Cognition, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulations (JASSS) Vol. 9 Issue 2.
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